Collective discrimination without an identifiable victim in EU law. Discrimination by public speech – F. Ceccaroni
The article seeks to examine the theme of collective discrimination in the case in which there is no identifiable victim. In particular, this work aims to provide a functional assessment of the implications of “collective rights”, with a specific focus on discrimination through public speech. After reviewing from a theoretical approach the case in which the CJEU explicitly recognised for the first time a direct protection to the group (the Feryn case) – the relevance of which is extremely topical in the light of the recent judgment NH v. Associazione Avvocatura per i diritti LGBTI – Rete Lenford – this work attempts to illustrate practical issues that the group encounter in the enforcement phase. Following this, with the illustration of the enforcement mechanisms the group could take advantage of to represent his rights in a judicial procedure, the article seeks to investigate if the procedural tools that Member States are required to ensure in accordance with EU obligations are sufficient to grant effectiveness of EU “collective rights”.